{"id":75438,"date":"2011-04-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-10T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/b.bati-journal.com\/les-bureaux-verts-tiennent-ils-leurs-promesses\/75438"},"modified":"2019-07-15T11:35:48","modified_gmt":"2019-07-15T09:35:48","slug":"les-bureaux-verts-tiennent-ils-leurs-promesses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/batijournal.com\/index.php\/les-bureaux-verts-tiennent-ils-leurs-promesses\/75438\/","title":{"rendered":"Les bureaux \u00ab\u00a0verts\u00a0\u00bb tiennent-ils leurs promesses ?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e pour le compte du CSTB et de l’organisme Certiv\u00e9a dresse un bilan de la certification NF B\u00e2timents Tertiaires D\u00e9marche HQE en exploitation, lanc\u00e9e en septembre 2009. Retours d’exp\u00e9rience et pistes d’\u00e9volution.\u00a0<\/strong>\u000b\u000bL’immobilier \u00ab\u00a0vert\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e0 performances \u00e9nergie-environnement \u00e9lev\u00e9es, se d\u00e9veloppe fortement ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, notamment sous forme de b\u00e2timents certifi\u00e9s. Ainsi, la certification NF B\u00e2timents Tertiaires D\u00e9marche HQE en exploitation a d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 attribu\u00e9e \u00e0 28 op\u00e9rations. Un an et demi apr\u00e8s son lancement, quelques interrogations s’imposent : quelles sont les performances r\u00e9elles de ces b\u00e2timents ? Sont-elles conformes aux pr\u00e9visions ? Existe-t-il un lien entre b\u00e2timent certifi\u00e9 et augmentation de la valeur immobili\u00e8re ?… Pour apporter un \u00e9clairage pertinent et concret sur ces questions l\u00e9gitimes, le CSTB et Certiv\u00e9a ont confi\u00e9 \u00e0 Jean Carassus, professeur \u00e0 l’\u00c9cole des ponts Paris Tech, le soin d’interroger les diff\u00e9rents acteurs des b\u00e2timents certifi\u00e9s afin de savoir si, selon eux, les \u00ab\u00a0immeubles de bureaux verts\u00a0\u00bb tiennent leurs promesses.\u000b\u000bEntre th\u00e9orie et r\u00e9alit\u00e9\u00a0<\/strong>\u000bJean Carassus a d’abord travaill\u00e9 sur plusieurs \u00e9tudes et recherches, analyses statistiques et \u00e9tudes de cas r\u00e9els, sur l’immobilier tertiaire \u00ab\u00a0vert\u00a0\u00bb, men\u00e9es en France et \u00e0 l’\u00e9tranger, et plus particuli\u00e8rement aux \u00c9tats-Unis. Il ressort de l’ensemble que les immeubles certifi\u00e9s ont en moyenne des performances r\u00e9elles sensiblement sup\u00e9rieures aux immeubles non certifi\u00e9s, mais que, dans un certain nombre de cas, ces performances r\u00e9elles peuvent \u00eatre inf\u00e9rieures aux pr\u00e9visions. Un d\u00e9calage qui s’explique par trois raisons principales : la diff\u00e9rence entre les pr\u00e9visions et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 peut se situer au niveau de l’utilisation du b\u00e2timent par les occupants (temp\u00e9ratures ext\u00e9rieure et int\u00e9rieure, nombre de personnes pr\u00e9sentes, consommation bureautique par poste de travail…). Jean Carassus cite le cas d’un immeuble HQE pr\u00e9vu pour fonctionner seulement les cinq jours de la semaine, alors qu’une partie des locaux est occup\u00e9e par le si\u00e8ge d’un journal dont l’activit\u00e9 est permanente, 7 jours sur 7.\u000b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\u000b\u000bCinq questions centrales<\/strong>\u000b\u000bQuelles sont les performances r\u00e9elles des immeubles de bureaux certifi\u00e9s ?\u000b\u000bVa-t-on vers la mesure des performances r\u00e9elles ?\u000b\u000bQuel lien y a-t-il entre valeur immobili\u00e8re et performance ?\u000b\u000bQuelle avanc\u00e9e repr\u00e9sente la certification HQE Exploitation ?\u000b\u000bQuelles transformations du syst\u00e8me d’acteurs de la construction et de l’immobilier sont n\u00e9cessaires pour un pilotage par les performances r\u00e9elles ?<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\u000bAutre explication du d\u00e9calage entre pr\u00e9visions et r\u00e9alit\u00e9 : des difficult\u00e9s de gestion et de pilotage de l’installation technique. La troisi\u00e8me cause est relative \u00e0 la r\u00e9alisation m\u00eame de l’immeuble, avec, par exemple, des choix de conception inadapt\u00e9s \u00e0 la gestion ou des \u00e9quipements qui se r\u00e9v\u00e8lent moins performants que pr\u00e9vu une fois install\u00e9s.\u000b\u000bOnze recommandations\u00a0<\/strong>\u000bPour compl\u00e9ter ce travail d’analyse, l’auteur de l’\u00e9tude a pos\u00e9 cinq questions (lire encadr\u00e9) aux dirigeants de six entreprises de l’immobilier tertiaire, \u00e0 deux investisseurs, deux utilisateurs et deux exploitants. L’examen de l’ensemble des r\u00e9ponses a permis de d\u00e9gager onze recommandations \u00e0 destination des professionnels de la construction et de l’immobilier mais aussi de l’organisme certificateur. Ces recommandations s’articulent autour de deux points essentiels. Le premier concerne la conception et la r\u00e9alisation des immeubles de bureaux \u00ab\u00a0verts\u00a0\u00bb ; lorsqu’un b\u00e2timent est con\u00e7u et r\u00e9alis\u00e9, il faut imm\u00e9diatement penser \u00e0 sa qualit\u00e9 d’usage, int\u00e9grer sa future exploitation\/maintenance et r\u00e9mun\u00e9rer les intervenants en fonction de la performance du b\u00e2ti. La gestion et l’utilisation des immeubles \u00ab\u00a0verts\u00a0\u00bb constituent la deuxi\u00e8me piste d’am\u00e9lioration ; il est essentiel de se pr\u00e9occuper des consommations r\u00e9elles du b\u00e2timent, en prenant en compte un nouveau lien propri\u00e9taire\/utilisateurs\/exploitants, comme l’explique Jean Carassus : \u00ab\u00a0La certification HQE Exploitation jette les bases d’une coop\u00e9ration in\u00e9dite entre propri\u00e9taire\/gestionnaire, utilisateur et exploitant. Elle est tr\u00e8s compl\u00e9mentaire de la mise en place de l’annexe \u201cverte\u201c au bail et de contrats \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques performanciels.\u00a0\u00bb\u000b\u000bPour en savoir plus\u00a0: les vid\u00e9os de la conf\u00e9rence de pr\u00e9sentation sont t\u00e9l\u00e9chargeables sur le site de Certiv\u00e9a\u00a0www.certivea.fr<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e pour le compte du CSTB et de l’organisme Certiv\u00e9a dresse un bilan de la certification NF B\u00e2timents Tertiaires D\u00e9marche HQE en exploitation, lanc\u00e9e en septembre 2009. Retours d’exp\u00e9rience et pistes d’\u00e9volution.\u00a0\u000b\u000bL’immobilier \u00ab\u00a0vert\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e0 performances \u00e9nergie-environnement \u00e9lev\u00e9es, se d\u00e9veloppe fortement ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, notamment sous forme de b\u00e2timents certifi\u00e9s. Ainsi, la certification NF […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":75439,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[6340],"tags":[1181,1182,734],"class_list":["post-75438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-architecture-conception","tag-bureaux","tag-certivea","tag-cstb"],"yoast_head":"\nLes bureaux "verts" tiennent-ils leurs promesses ?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/batijournal.com\/index.php\/les-bureaux-verts-tiennent-ils-leurs-promesses\/75438\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les bureaux "verts" tiennent-ils leurs promesses ?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Une \u00e9tude r\u00e9alis\u00e9e pour le compte du CSTB et de l’organisme Certiv\u00e9a dresse un bilan de la certification NF B\u00e2timents Tertiaires D\u00e9marche HQE en exploitation, lanc\u00e9e en septembre 2009. Retours d’exp\u00e9rience et pistes d’\u00e9volution.\u00a0\u000b\u000bL’immobilier \u00ab\u00a0vert\u00a0\u00bb, \u00e0 performances \u00e9nergie-environnement \u00e9lev\u00e9es, se d\u00e9veloppe fortement ces derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, notamment sous forme de b\u00e2timents certifi\u00e9s. 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